Urdu Grammar: Learn 6 Most Important Parts Of Speech

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If you are learning the Urdu language, then knowing basic vocab won’t be enough. To make sentences and communicate like a native speaker, you must learn Urdu grammar. Hence, this blog post will walk you through Urdu grammar the simplest way possible. So let’s get started!

When it comes to the grammar of the Urdu language, the first thing you should know is that the Urdu language is highly inflected. This means that almost every word has a different form depending on its function in the sentence (subject, object, etc.). Though it may sound tricky, we’ll do our best to explain this in the sections below.

Urdu Grammar

Urdu is the lingua franca AKA the official language of Pakistan. It is widely spoken in Pakistan, along with some regions of India. Urdu is considered a mixture of Turkish, Persian, and Arabic; thus, many words in Urdu are from these languages. Urdu is exceptionally close to Hindi, as both have been derived from Sanskrit and are also often called Hindustani.

Adjectives

Adjectives are called صفت (sifat) in Urdu grammar. These describe the qualities of a noun or pronoun. For example, in the sentence مجھے ایک خوبصورت بلی چاہیے۔ (mujhe aik khubsurat bili chahiye), the word خوبصورت (khubsurat) means beautiful. The entire sentence means that I want a beautiful cat.

Let’s look at more adjectives in Urdu.

EnglishUrduRomanized
Attractiveپر کششPur Kashish
Baldگنجی/گنجاGanji / Ganjaa
BeautifulخوبصورتKhubsorat
Chubbyموٹی/موٹاMouti / Mota
CleanصافSaaf
DazzlingشاندارShandaar
Drabگندی/گنداGandi / Ganda
ElegantخوبصورتKhubsurat
FancyپسندPasand
FitفٹFit
Flabbyبے چینBey Chain
GlamorousدلکشDilkash
GorgeousخوبصورتKhubsorat
HandsomeخوبصورتKhubsorat
LongطویلTaweel
MagnificentشاندارShandaar
MuscularپٹھوںPathon
PlainسادہSaada
PlumpبولڈBold
QuaintعجیبAjeeb
Scruffyگندی/گنداGandi / Ganda
ShapelyسڈولSadool
ShortمختصرMukhtasir
Skinnyپتلی/پتلاPatli / Patla
UglyبدصورتBadsoorat
Urdu Grammar

Nouns

Nouns are called اسم (ism) in Urdu grammar. These can be the names of a person, place, or thing. For example, in the sentence میرا نام لیا ہے۔ (Mera naam Liya hai), the word لیا (Liya) is a name that is a noun. The entire sentence means that my name is Liya.

Let’s look at more nouns in Urdu.

EnglishUrduRomanized
CaseمعاملہMaamla
ChildبچہBacha
CompanyکمپنیCompany
DayدنDin
EyeآنکھAankh
FactحقیقتHaqeeqat
GovernmentحکومتHukoomat
GroupگروپGroup
HandہاتھHaath
LifeزندگیZindagi
ManآدمیAadmi
NumberنمبرNumber
PartحصہHissa
PersonشخصShakhs
PlaceجگہJagah
PointنقطہNuqta
ProblemمسئلہMasla
ThingچیزCheez
TimeوقتWaqt
WayراستہRasta
WeekہفتہHafta
WomanعورتAurat
WorkکامKaam
WorldدنیاDuniya
YearسالSaal

Pronouns

The word for pronouns in Urdu is اسم ضمیر (Ism-e-zameer). For example, in the sentence آپ میرے ساتھ آ سکتے ہیں۔ (ap meray sath aa saktay hain), آپ (aap) is a pronoun meaning you while the entire sentence means you can come with me.

Let’s look at most pronouns in Urdu.

EnglishUrduRomanized
Anyoneکوئی بھیKoi Bhi
Anythingکچھ بھیKuch Bhi
Everyoneہر کوئیHar Koi
Everythingسب کچھSab Kuch
HeوہWoh
Herاس کاIs Ka
HimاسےUsay
HimselfخودKhud
IمیںMein
ItیہYeh
ItselfخودKhud
MeمیںMein
Myselfمیں خودMein Khud
Nothingکچھ نہیںKuch Nahi
OneایکAik
SheوہWoh
SomeoneکسیKisi
SomethingکچھKuch
ThemانہیںInhen
ThemselvesخودKhud
TheyوہWoh
UsہمیںHumnay
WeہمHum
WhoکونKon
YouتمTum

Adverbs

The word for adverbs in Urdu is متعلق فعل (mutaliq fail). Adverbs talk about the quality of verbs that we will talk about next. For example, in the sentence جلدی کرو ہمیں دیر ہو رہی ہے۔ (jaldi karo hamain der ho rahi hai), جلدی کرو (jaldi karo) is an adverb meaning hurry up while the entire sentence means hurry up, we are getting late.

EnglishUrduRomanized
AnnuallyسالانہSalana
Brieflyمختصر طور پرMukhtasir Tor Par
Carefullyاحتیاط سےAhthyat Se
DailyروزانہRozana
ExactlyبالکلBilkul
FairlyمنصفانہMunsifana
GreatlyبہتBohat
Immediatelyفوری طور پرFori Tor Par
Jealouslyحسد سےHasad Se
Keenlyدلچسپی سےDilchaspi Se
LivelyجاندارJandaar
Mysteriouslyپراسرار طور پرPur Asraar Tor Par
Naturallyقدرتی طور پرQudrati Tor Par
OftenاکثرAksar
Politelyشائستگی سےShaistagi Se
Quicklyجلدی سےJaldi Se
Regularlyباقاعدگی سےBaqaidagi Se
SuddenlyاچانکAchanak
Thankfullyشکر ہےShukar Hai
Usefullyمفید طور پرMufeed Tor Par
Voluntarilyرضاکارانہ طور پرRaza Karana Tor Par
Wronglyغلط طریقے سےGhalat Tareeqay Se

Urdu Verbs

The word for Verb in Urdu is فعل (Feal). It describes the action done by a noun/pronoun. For example, in the sentence وہ باتھ روم چلا گیا۔ (wo bathroom chla gaya), چلا گیا (chla gaya) is a verb meaning went. The entire sentence means he went to the bathroom.

Here is a list of Urdu verbs for you.

EnglishUrduRomanized
Answerجواب دیناJawab Dena
Approveمنظور کرناManzoor Karna
Arrangeبندوبست کرناBandobast Karna
BreakتوڑناTorna
BuildتعمیرکرناTaa-Meer Karna
Coughکھانسی کرناKhansi Karna
CreateبناناBanana
CryروناRona
Danceرقص کرناRaqs Karna
Describeبیان کرناBayan Karna
Editترمیم کرناTarmeem Karna
Enterداخل کرناDaakhil Karna
Imitateنقل کرناNaqal Karna
Inventایجاد کرناIjaad Karna
Jumpچھلانگ لگاناChhalang Lagana
LaughہنسناHansna
Paintپینٹ کرناPaint Karna
SingگاناGana
SleepسوناSona
SneezeچھینکناChhenknaa
Solveحل کرناHal Karna
Studyمطالعہ کرناMutalea Karna
TeachسکھاناSikhana
TouchچھوناChouna
TurnموڑناModna
WalkچلناChalna
Whistleسیٹی بجاناSeeti Bajana
WinجیتناJeetna
WriteلکھناLikhna

Conjunctions

Conjunctions are called حروف عطف (haroof e ataf) in Urdu grammar. These connect different phrases and words in the Urdu language.

For example, in the sentence مجھے ایک بلی اور ایک کتا چاہیے۔ (mujhe aik bili aur aik kutta chahiye), the word اور (aur) means and. The entire sentence means that I need a cat and a dog. Let’s look at more conjunctions in Urdu.

EnglishUrduRomanized
Afterکے بعدKe Baad
AlthoughاگرچہAgarchay
AndاورAur
Asکے طور پرKe Tor Par
BecauseکیونکہKyunkay
BeforeپہلےPehlay
ButلیکنLekin
ExceptسوائےSiwaye
IfاگرAgar
LikeپسندPasand
Norنہ ہیNah Hi
NowابھیAbhi
Onceایک بارAik Baar
OrیاYa
Sinceجب سےJab Se
SoتوTo
ThanمقابلےMuqablay
ThatکہKe
ThoughاگرچہAgarchay
Unlessجب تکJab Tak
Untilجب تکJab Tak
WhenکبKab
WhereکہاںKahan
WhetherچاہےChahay
WhileجبکہJabkay

Wrapping Up

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If you only speak your mother tongue, you need to learn a new language, as knowing a second language makes your brain sharper, and you feel more connected to other cultures.

If you want to learn the Urdu language, practice on Ling App for fifteen minutes daily. You can learn the official languages of ten-plus countries. Acquire more vocabulary in the Urdu language easily with Ling. Also, you can learn fifty-plus other languages, so download the Ling App from Google Playstore or App Store and sign up for a free account to start learning Urdu! Happy learning!

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