Thailand is a food lover’s paradise, famous for its vibrant street food, flavorful curries, and fresh seafood.
Whether you’re trying fiery som tam (papaya salad), a comforting bowl of khao soi (Burmese-inspired Northern Thai curry noodles), or Thailand’s world-famous pad Thai (sweet & sour stir-fried noodles), knowing expressions for ordering food in Thai will make your experience far more rewarding.
While many restaurants in tourist-heavy areas will have English-speaking staff, stepping into a local market, a street food stall, or a small family-owned eatery will require a little effort in Thai.
From asking for a menu with ขอเมนูหน่อยครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ mee nuu nɔɔi kráp/kâ), ordering your food with ขอสั่ง…ครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ sàng… kráp/kâ) “I’d like to have…”,or customizing your order with ไม่ใส่… (mâi sài…) “do not add…”, you won’t just get better deals at local eateries—you’ll also gain deeper connections with the people behind the food.
This guide will walk you through everything you need to communicate like a pro at Thai food stalls and restaurants.
Keep reading to discover eight essential phrases for ordering food in Thai that will make your food adventures in Thailand even more rewarding!
Table Of Contents
Ordering Food In Thai: 10 Phrases You Need
1. Can I Have The Menu, Please?
ขอ เมนู หน่อย ครับ/ค่ะ
(kɔ̌ɔ mee nuu nɔɔi kráp/kâ)
Can I have the menu, please?
ขอ เมนู หน่อย ค่ะ
ขอ เมนู หน่อย ครับ
Before placing an order, the first thing you’ll need is the menu.
In many Thai restaurants, menus are available in English, especially in tourist areas.
However, at local food stalls and traditional eateries, menus may only be in Thai, or they may not have a menu at all.
If the restaurant has a printed menu, saying ขอ เมนู หน่อย ครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ mee nuu nɔɔi kráp/kâ) politely requests one.
If no menu is available, some places will have pictures of their dishes on the wall, or you may need to ask what they serve.
2. What Do You Recommend?
มีอะไรแนะนำบ้างครับ/ค่ะ?
(mii à-rai náe-nam bâang kráp/kâ?)
What do you recommend?
มีอะไรแนะนำบ้างค่ะ
มีอะไรแนะนำบ้างครับ
If you’re unsure what to order, asking for a recommendation is a great way to discover local favorites.
Thai people take great pride in their cuisine, and many restaurants have a specialty dish they are known for.
Using มีอะไรแนะนำบ้าง? (mii à-rai náe-nam bâang?) allows the staff to suggest their best or most popular dishes.
If you prefer something specific, you can modify the phrase:
- มีอาหารเผ็ดๆ แนะนำบ้างไหม? (mii aa-hăan pèt-pèt náe-nam bâang mái?) – Do you have any spicy food recommendations?
- มีของหวานแนะนำบ้างไหม? (mii kɔ̌ɔng wǎan náe-nam bâang mái?) – Do you have any dessert recommendations?
This phrase is especially useful in family-run restaurants where the menu might change daily based on fresh ingredients.
3. Excuse Me, Do You Have…?
ขอโทษครับ/ค่ะ มี…ไหมครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ tôot kráp/kâ mii… mái kráp/kâ?)
ขอโทษค่ะ มี…ไหมค่ะ
ขอโทษครับ มี…ไหม ครับ
Excuse me, do you have…?
When ordering at a food stall or a restaurant without a menu, you may need to ask if they serve a particular dish.
Simply replace … with the name of the dish you’re looking for:
- มีข้าวเหนียวไหมครับ/ค่ะ? (mii kâao nǐao mǎi kráp/kâ?) – Do you have sticky rice?
- มีต้มยำกุ้งไหมครับ/ค่ะ? (mii tôm yam gûng mǎi kráp/kâ?) – Do you have Tom Yum Goong?
If the answer is มี (mii), they have it. If not, they might say ไม่มี (mâi mii), meaning they don’t.
4. Do You Have Vegetarian Food?
มีอาหารมังสวิรัติไหมครับ/ค่ะ?
(mii aa-hăan mang-sa-wí-rát máikráp/kâ?)
Do you have vegetarian food?
มีอาหารมังสวิรัติไหมค่ะ
มีอาหารมังสวิรัติไหมครับ
Vegetarian and vegan food is widely available in Thailand, but clarifying your dietary needs is important.
Many Thai dishes contain fish sauce (น้ำปลา – náam bplaa) or shrimp paste (กะปิ – gà-bpì), which might not be obvious at first glance.
If you’re vegetarian, you can say:
- ฉันกินมังสวิรัติ (chǎn gin mang-sa-wí-rát) – I eat vegetarian.
- ไม่กินเนื้อสัตว์ (mâi gin nʉ́a sàt) – I don’t eat meat.
- ไม่เอาน้ำปลา (mâi ao náam bplaa) – No fish sauce.
During Thailand’s annual Vegetarian Festival (เทศกาลกินเจ – thêet-sà-gaan gin jeh), many restaurants offer completely plant-based dishes.
Look for the yellow sign with the red Thai script “เจ”, which indicates vegan-friendly food.
5. I Would Like To Order…, Please.
ขอสั่ง… ครับ/ค่ะ
(kɔ̌ɔ sàng… kráp/kâ)
I would like to order…, please.
ขอสั่ง… ค่ะ
ขอสั่ง… ครับ
This is one of the most polite and standard ways for ordering food in Thai, making it ideal for restaurants, cafés, and even street food stalls where you want to show good manners.
The word ขอสั่ง (kɔ̌ɔ sàng) combines ขอ (kɔ̌ɔ), which means “to request,” and สั่ง (sàng), which means “to order.”
To use it correctly, simply insert the name of the dish or drink you want to order:
- ขอสั่งต้มยำกุ้ง ครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ sàng tôm yam gûng kráp/kâ) – I would like to order Tom Yum Goong.
- ขอสั่งข้าวเหนียวมะม่วง ครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ sàng kâao nǐao má-mûang kráp/kâ) – I would like to order mango sticky rice.
This phrase is particularly useful in sit-down restaurants where you expect to receive a full service rather than just pointing at a dish.
6. I Will Take…
เอา… ครับ/ค่ะ
(ao… kráp/kâ)
(I) will take…
เอา… ค่ะ
เอา… ครับ
This phrase is more casual than ขอสั่ง (kɔ̌ɔ sàng) and is frequently used at informal dining spots like street food stalls, night markets, or fast-food restaurants.
The word เอา (ao) means “to take” or “to want,” making this phrase feel more direct and transactional.
If you’re in a bustling market or a quick-service food stall, using เอา… (ao…) can make your order faster and more efficient. Here are some examples:
- ฉันเอาผัดไทย ครับ/ค่ะ (ao pàt thai kráp/kâ) – I’ll take one plate of Pad Thai.
- ฉันเอาน้ำมะพร้าว ครับ/ค่ะ (ao náam má-prâao kráp/kâ) – I’ll take one coconut water.
If you’re unsure whether to use เอา (ao) or ขอสั่ง (kɔ̌ɔ sàng…), a general rule is: If the vendor is cooking in front of you and expects a quick order, เอา (ao) is fine.
7. I’d Like To Have A __ Of __.
ขอ…หนึ่ง…
(kɔ̌ɔ… nʉ̀ng…)
I’d like to have a __ of __.
ขอ…หนึ่ง…
In Thai, specifying the form and quantity of food or drinks is essential to ensure your order is served just the way you want.
The basic structure follows:
[Request] + [Quantity] + [Classifier]
This phrase is particularly useful when ordering drinks, as it helps you get the correct serving size, whether a glass, bottle, or cup.
Thai uses specific classifiers to describe different types of containers. For example:
- ขอน้ำหนึ่งแก้ว (kɔ̌ɔ náam nʉ̀ng gɛ̂ɛo) – May I have a glass of water?
- ขอเบียร์หนึ่งขวด (kɔ̌ɔ bia nʉ̀ng kùat) – I’d like a bottle of beer.
Understanding classifiers is key to making your order sound natural. Some common ones include:
- แก้ว (gɛ̂ɛo) – Glass (for water, juice, or soft drinks)
- ขวด (kùat) – Bottle (for beer, soda, or other bottled drinks)
- ถ้วย (tûay) – Bowl (for soup or certain desserts)
- จาน (jaan) – Plate (for solid foods like rice or Thai noodles)
If you’re unsure of the correct classifier, don’t worry—most Thai people will understand your order even if you leave it out.
But learning and using the right one will make your requests sound more natural and help you connect better with locals!
8. (I Want It) Just A Little…
…นิดหน่อย
Just a little…
(nít nɔ̀ɔi)
นิดหน่อย
Thai cuisine is known for its bold and vibrant flavors, often featuring a mix of spicy, sweet, salty, and sour tastes.
If you want to modify the intensity of a dish—such as making it less spicy or adjusting the sweetness—นิดหน่อย (nít nɔ̀ɔi) is the go-to phrase.
It softens your request and ensures that the chef understands you want only a mild amount of a certain ingredient.
- เผ็ดนิดหน่อย (pèt nít nɔ̀ɔi) – A little spicy.
- หวานนิดหน่อย (wǎan nít nɔ̀ɔi) – A little sweet.
- เค็มนิดหน่อย (kem nít nɔ̀ɔi) – A little salty.
Thai food can sometimes be unexpectedly intense, especially for those unfamiliar with high spice levels. Many dishes, even if they don’t seem spicy, may have chili hidden in sauces or garnishes.
By using นิดหน่อย (nít nɔ̀ɔi), you can fine-tune your dish to your comfort level without completely eliminating key flavors.
Additionally, Thai people appreciate when foreigners show awareness of local dining etiquette.
Politely modifying a dish rather than making drastic changes respects the chef’s original recipe while ensuring you still enjoy your meal.
9. Do Not Add…
ไม่ใส่…
(mâi sài…)
Do not add…
ไม่ใส่
If you have dietary restrictions, food allergies, or simply dislike certain ingredients, ไม่ใส่ (mâi sài) is an essential phrase.
Thai cuisine often includes hidden ingredients such as fish sauce, shrimp paste, and chili, which might not be explicitly listed on a menu.
By using ไม่ใส่…, you can ensure your meal is prepared exactly to your preference.
- ไม่ใส่พริก (mâi sài prík) – No chili.
- ไม่ใส่น้ำปลา (mâi sài náam bplaa) – No fish sauce.
- ไม่ใส่ไข่ (mâi sài khài) – No egg.
- ไม่ใส่น้ำตาล (mâi sài náam dtaan) – No sugar.
Many Thai dishes automatically include ingredients that may not suit your diet.
Fish sauce, for example, is a staple in Thai cuisine, but if you’re vegetarian or vegan, you’ll want to request ไม่ใส่น้ำปลา (mâi sài náam bplaa) to avoid it.
Likewise, Thai spicy food are everywhere, and even if a dish doesn’t seem spicy on the surface, it may contain chili paste or crushed chilies.
Saying ไม่ใส่พริก (mâi sài prík) ensures your dish stays mild.
Thai people are generally very accommodating and will appreciate the clarity in your request.
10. (I Want It) Very (Very) ….
…มาก / …มากมาก
(mâak) / (mâak mâak)
Very / Very, very…
มาก
For those who love bold flavors, มาก (mâak) is an essential word to know.
Whether you want your dish extra spicy, extra sweet, or bursting with umami, using มาก (mâak) lets the restaurant know you prefer strong flavors.
If you want to take it up a notch, doubling the word—มากมาก (mâak mâak)—makes your request even more emphatic.
- เผ็ดมาก (pèt mâak) – Very spicy.
- เผ็ดมากมาก (pèt mâak mâak) – Extremely spicy!
- หวานมาก (wǎan mâak) – Very sweet.
- เปรี้ยวมาก (bprîao mâak) – Very sour.
Thai spices can vary widely depending on the region.
Northern Thai dishes tends to be milder, while Southern Thai food is known for its intense heat.
If you enjoy a fiery kick, use เผ็ดมาก (pèt mâak) to ensure the chef doesn’t tone down the spice for you.
Similarly, desserts in Thailand often have an intense sweetness, which locals love.
If you prefer your Thai iced tea or mango sticky rice to be extra sweet, หวานมาก (wǎan mâak) is the perfect phrase.
Supplementary Table: Flavor Modifications
When enjoying Thai food, you may want to adjust the flavors to suit your taste.
Here are some essential words of flavors of Thai food to help you communicate your preferences:
| English | Thai | Pronunciation | Sound |
|---|---|---|---|
| Salty | เค็ม | kem | เค็ม |
| Sweet | หวาน | wǎan | หวาน |
| Spicy | เผ็ด | pèt | เผ็ด |
| Bitter | ขม | kǒm | ขม |
| Sour | เปรี้ยว | bprîao | เปรี้ยว |
For more useful phrases and insights, we’ve also prepared a blog on Thai food vocabulary to help you expand your dining skills and confidently navigate local eateries like a pro.
Thai Dining Cheat Sheet For You: 10 Must-Know Phrases
| English | Thai | Sound | Example | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Can I Have The Menu, Please? | ขอเมนูหน่อยครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ mee nuu nɔ̀ɔi kráp/kâ) |
ขอ เมนู หน่อย ค่ะ
ขอ เมนู หน่อย ครับ Can I have the menu, please? | ขอเมนูหน่อยค่ะ ขอบคุณค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ mee nuu nɔ̀ɔi kâ, khàawp khun kâ) | Can I have the menu, please? Thank you. |
| What Do You Recommend? | มีอะไรแนะนำบ้างไหม ครับ/ค่ะ? (mii à-rai náe-nam bâang mái kráp/kâ?) | มีอะไรแนะนำบ้างค่ะ มีอะไรแนะนำบ้างครับ | มีอาหารเผ็ดๆ แนะนำบ้างไหม? (mii aa-hăan pèt-pèt náe-nam bâang mái?) | Do you have any spicy food recommendations? |
| Excuse Me, Do You Have…? | ขอโทษครับ/ค่ะ มี…ไหมครับ/ค่ะ? (kɔ̌ɔ tôot kráp/kâ, mii… mái kráp/kâ?) | ขอโทษค่ะ มี…ไหมค่ะ ขอโทษครับ มี…ไหม ครับ | ขอโทษค่ะ มีข้าวเหนียวไหมค่ะ? (kɔ̌ɔ tôot kâ, mii kâao nǐao mái kâ?) | Excuse me, do you have sticky rice? |
| Do You Have Vegetarian Food? | มีอาหารมังสวิรัติไหมครับ/ค่ะ? (mii aa-hăan mang-sa-wí-rát mái kráp/kâ?) | มีอาหารมังสวิรัติไหมค่ะ มีอาหารมังสวิรัติไหมครับ | มีอาหารมังสวิรัติไหมคะ? (mii aa-hăan mang-sa-wí-rát mái khâ?) | Do you have vegetarian food? |
| I Would Like To Order…, Please. | ขอสั่ง…ครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ sàng… kráp/kâ) | ขอสั่ง… ค่ะ ขอสั่ง… ครับ | ขอสั่งต้มยำกุ้งค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ sàng dtôm yam gûng kâ) | I would like to order Tom Yum Goong, please. |
| I Will Take… | เอา…ครับ/ค่ะ (ao… kráp/kâ) | เอา… ค่ะ เอา… ครับ | เอาผัดไทยค่ะ (ao pàt thai kâ) | I’ll take Pad Thai. |
| I’d Like To Have A __ Of __. | ขอ…หนึ่ง… (kɔ̌ɔ… nʉ̀ng…) | ขอ…หนึ่ง… | ขอเบียร์หนึ่งขวดค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ bia nʉ̀ng kùat kâ) | I’d like a bottle of beer. |
| (I Want It) Just A Little… | นิดหน่อย (nít nɔ̀ɔi) | นิดหน่อย | เผ็ดนิดหน่อยได้ไหมค่ะ? (pèt nít nɔ̀ɔi dâai mái kâ?) | Can you make it just a little spicy? |
| Do Not Add… | ไม่ใส่… (mâi sài…) | ไม่ใส่ | ไม่ใส่พริกค่ะ (mâi sài prík kâ) | No chili, please. |
| (I Want It) Very (Very)… | มาก / มากมาก (mâak / mâak mâak) | มาก | เอาเผ็ดมากมากค่ะ (ao pèt mâak mâak kâ) | I want it very, very spicy! |
Surviving A No-English Thai Eatery: 9 Must-Know Tips!
If you’re venturing into an authentic Thai eatery where English isn’t spoken, don’t worry!
Follow these simple steps to navigate the experience smoothly while showing respect for the local culture.
1. Greet with “Sawasdee” – Start with a friendly สวัสดีครับ/ค่ะ (sà-wàt-dii kráp/kâ) to greet the staff warmly. A little politeness goes a long way!
2. Find a seat or indicate your group size – If it’s self-seating, pick an available table. If it’s full, hold up fingers to show how many people are in your group so they can assist you.
3. Observe what others are eating – If you’re unsure what to order, look around and point at a dish that looks good! Many locals order house specialties that might not be on the menu.
4. Use a translation app for menus – If the menu is in Thai script, you can scan and translate dish names using the Google Translate camera function. This can help you recognize familiar ingredients.
5. Ask for recommendations – Politely say มีอะไรแนะนำบ้าง? (mii à-rai náe-nam bâang?)” which means “What do you recommend?” The staff might suggest popular local dishes.
6. Point at pictures and say ‘this’ – If the menu has photos, simply point to the dish you want and say อันนี้ (an-níi), which means “this one.” If you need to specify the quantity, you can add Thai numbers after “this”:
- หนึ่ง (nùeng) – 1
- สอง (sŏng) – 2
- สาม (săam) – 3
- สี่ (sìi) – 4
- ห้า (hâa) – 5
7. Customize your order with basic Thai words – Learn a few key flavor words to personalize your meal:
- เผ็ด (pèt) – Spicy
- หวาน (wǎan) – Sweet
- เค็ม (kem) – Salty
- เปรี้ยว (prîiao) – Sour
- ขม (khǒm) – Bitter
Then use degree words like นิดหน่อย (nít nɔ̀ɔi) (a little), มาก (mâak) (very), or ไม่ (mâi) (no) to adjust spice levels!
8. End your order with a polite “thank you” – Once the staff confirmed your order, say ขอบคุณครับ/ค่ะ (khàwp-khun kráp/kâ) “thank you” to express gratitude. Locals appreciate it when visitors show their politeness!
9. Always use polite particles – Following the last point, end your sentences with ครับ (kráp) (if you’re male) or ค่ะ (kâ) (if you’re female) to sound respectful. It makes a huge difference in how locals perceive you!
How Do You Say Ordering Food In Thai?
‘To order food’ in Thai is สั่งอาหาร (sàng aa hǎan) สั่งอาหาร.
Here, สั่ง (sàng) means “to order” or “to request” and อาหาร (aa-hǎan) means “food” or “meal.”
However, If you’re at a restaurant or food stall and want to ask politely whether you can place an order, you can say:
ขอสั่งอาหารได้ไหมครับ/คะ?
(kɔ̌ɔ sàng aa-hǎan dâai mái kráp/kâ?)
Can I order food?
Additionally, if you want to ask someone whether they have already placed an order, you can say:
คุณสั่งอาหารหรือยัง?
(kun sàng aa-hǎan rʉ̌ʉ yang?)
Have you ordered food yet?
Knowing these expressions will make your dining experience smoother and help you interact more naturally with locals.
Practicing with the Ling app can help you refine your pronunciation and build confidence in using Thai, making your trip even more enjoyable!
Frequently Asked Questions About Ordering Food In Thai
How Do I Order Food In Thai?
Ordering food in Thai may seem intimidating at first, but with a few key phrases, you can confidently place an order and impress the locals. The most common way to order is by using the phrase ขอสั่ง (kɔ̌ɔ sàng), which translates to “I’d like to order.” Simply follow it with the name of the dish you want. For example, if you want to order Pad Thai, you’d say: ขอสั่งผัดไทย ครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ sàng pàt tai kráp/kâ) I’d like to order Pad Thai, please. Another casual yet widely used way to order is เอา (ao), which means “I’ll take” or “I want.” It’s often used in informal settings, such as street food stalls or small eateries: เอาผัดไทย ครับ/ค่ะ (ao pàt tai kráp/kâ) I’ll take a Pad Thai. You can also use a food app in Thailand to order food too! To fully master these phrases and explore even more useful expressions for dining and beyond, try the Ling app. It’s a fun and effective way to learn Thai at your own pace while preparing for your trip!
How Do You Say I'm Hungry In Thai?
When hunger strikes in Thailand, the simplest way to express it is by saying: (For female) ฉันหิวค่ะ (chǎn hǐu kâ) (For male) ผมหิวครับ (phǒm hǐu kráp) I’m hungry. If you want to be more specific and say that you’re hungry for food (rather than just a snack), you can add the word ข้าว (kâao) “rice” behind หิว (hǐu) “hungry.” ฉันหิวข้าวค่ะ (chǎn hǐu kâao kâ) / ผมหิวข้าวครับ (phǒm hǐu kâao) – I’m hungry for rice (meaning, I need a proper meal). We’ve also learned the intensifier มาก (mâak) “very” earlier in this blog. If you’re extremely hungry, you can exaggerate it with: ฉันหิวมากค่ะ (chǎn hǐu mâak kâ) / ผมหิวมากครับ (phǒm hǐu mâak kráp) – I’m very hungry.
How Do I Ask For The Menu In Thai?
Before ordering food in Thai, you’ll need to ask for the menu. In Thai, you can say: ขอดูเมนูหน่อย ครับ/ค่ะ (kɔ̌ɔ duu mee nuu nɔ̀ɔi kráp/kâ) May I see the menu, please? Breaking it down: ขอ (kɔ̌ɔ) – A polite way to say “may I have” or “can I request.” ดู (duu) – Means “to see” or “to look at.” เมนู (mee nuu) – Directly translates to “menu.” หน่อย (nɔ̀ɔi) – Softens the request to make it sound more polite and natural. ครับ (kráp) / ค่ะ (kâ) – The polite particles used by males (kráp) and females (kâ). If you’re in a formal restaurant, you can extend your request with extra politeness: ขอโทษค่ะ/ครับ ขอดูเมนูหน่อยได้ไหมคะ/ครับ? (kɔ̌ɔ tôot kâ/kráp, kɔ̌ɔ duu mee nuu nɔ̀ɔi dâai mái kâ/kráp?) Excuse me, may I take a look at the menu? By asking in Thai, you not only ensure that you receive the correct menu but also show respect for the language and culture. Restaurant staff will likely appreciate your effort and may even be more accommodating!
Bon Appétit!
Ordering food in Thailand doesn’t have to be intimidating—with just a few essential phrases, you can confidently enjoy the country’s world-famous cuisine while showing respect for the local culture.
Start by asking “Can I Have The Menu, Please?” (ขอเมนูหน่อย kɔ̌ɔ mee-nuu nɔ̀ɔi) to get started, then use “I Would Like To Order…, Please.” (ขอสั่ง… kɔ̌ɔ sàng…) when you’re ready to place your order.
Want to adjust the flavors? Use “(I Want It) Just A Little…” (นิดหน่อย nít nɔ̀ɔi) to tone things down or “(I Want It) Very (Very)….” (มาก/มากมาก mâak/mâak mâak) to fully embrace bold Thai flavors.
If you have dietary restrictions, “Do Not Add…” (ไม่ใส่ mâi sài…) ensures your meal is prepared just the way you like it.
For those venturing into small, no-English eateries, our Surviving A No-English Thai Eatery: 9 Must-Know Tips! will help you navigate the experience with ease.
Remember, you can use food apps in Thailand if you can’t choose what to eat!
And if you’re feeling extra hungry, the section on How Do You Say ‘I’m Hungry’ In Thai? teaches you how to express your hunger in Thai.
With these key phrases and a willingness to engage with the language, your trip to Thailand will be even more rewarding.
Keep practicing, embrace the culture, and let your love for Thai food bring you back for more adventures!
Expand Your Dining Vocabulary Now & Eat Like a Local!
Ordering food in Thai isn’t just about learning a few key Thai phrases—it’s about connecting with locals, showing respect for the culture, and making your trip smoother and more enjoyable.
Language is an essential travel tool that transforms a simple meal into a meaningful experience.
In this blog, you’ve learned essential Thai phrases for ordering food in Thai confidently and navigate local eateries like a pro.
Learn Thai language before your trip and explore Thailand with confidence! Download Ling today and start speaking like a local.
