Interested in cooking Asian delicacies like Kaeng som or classic Pad Thai but do not know that basic Thai cooking terms? In this post, we will walk you through all the vocabulary commonly used in Thai cooking so that you can easily follow recipes in an instant. In addition, we will give you an overview of the basic ingredients used in traditional Thai-style cuisine. If you are up for that, then let’s start learning.
Whether you are a traveler or someone who has Thai friends and colleagues, then perhaps one of the topics that you might come across is อาหาร (pronounced as ahan) or food. You see, Thailand has always been considered one of the top Asian countries with amazing cuisine that is usually healthy (with lots of vegetables or ผัก) and easily available for a low price. Some of their top recipes include the ผัดเปรี้ยวหวาน (sweet & sour stir-fry), แกงเขียวหวาน (green chicken curry), ข้าวผัด (stir-fried rice), and ข้าวคลุกกะปิ (shrimp paste rice) and if you haven’t heard any of these yet then you should try cooking it soon!
And speaking of cooking, the Thai style of cooking is remarkable in the sense that it is not as labor-intensive as most Western recipes. In fact, a basic Tom Kha Gai Soup (Thai coconut chicken soup) will only take you 15 minutes to cook and be ready to serve so long as you have all the ingredients ready! As for the flavors of the basic Thai food, the locals love balancing all flavors at once:
- เค็ม (khem or salty).
- หวาน (hwan or sweet).
- เผ็ด (phed or spicy).
- ขม (khom or bitter).
And the best part of it all? Cooking Thai food will only require you to use basic cookware and ingredients. Before we discuss all the commonly used terms for cooking Thai food, let us first give you a rundown of the basic translations for common kitchenwares.
English | Thai | Pronunciation Guide |
Cup | ถ้วย | Tuai |
Fry pan/skillet | กระทะ | Kratha |
Stove | เตา | Tao |
Oven | เตาอบ | Tao ko |
Spoon | ช้อน | chon |
Teaspoon | ช้อนชา | Chon cha |
Tablespoon | ช้อนโต๊ะ | Chon to |
Fork | ส้อม | Som |
Knife | มีด | Mid |
Chopping board | เขียง | K̄heīyng |
Mittens | ถุงมือ | T̄hungmụ̄x |
Kettle | กา | Ka |
Rice pot | หม้อข้าว | Mo khao |
Hot pot | หม้อไฟ | Mo fai |
Soup pot | หม้อแกง | Mo kaeng |
31 Commonly Used Thai Cooking Terms
Like in any language, there are distinct words created especially for a country’s way of life. While other English cooking styles are also used in Thai cuisine, some do not directly translate. You will read below those with direct translations, so be sure to memorize the ones below to sound like a total pro.
English | Thai | Pronunciation Guide |
To boil/ grill | ปิ้ง | Phing |
To boil | ต้ม | Tom |
To boil down | เคี่ยว | Khiao |
To braise | ตุ๋น | Tun |
To broil meat | ผิง | Ping |
To chop/ mince | สับ | Sap |
To coat | ชุบ | Chup |
To cook | ทำอาหาร | Tam a-han |
To cut | ตัด | Tạd |
To dissolve/ melt | ละลาย | Lalai |
To fry | ทอด | Toot |
To glaze | เคลือบ | Khelụ̄xb |
To grill | ย่าง | Ỳāng |
To grind | ตำ | Tam |
To knead | นวด | Nwd |
To marinate | หมัก | H̄mạk |
To mix together | ผสม | Pasom |
To peel | ลอก | Lok |
To pinch | คีบ | Keeb |
To pour | ราด | Rat |
To roast | คั่ว | Khua |
To sauté | ผัด | P̄hạd |
To scoop | ตัก | Tak |
To sift / filter | กรอง | Krong |
To slice | แล่ | Lae |
To snip | ซอย | Soi |
To steam | นึ่ง | Nụ̀ng |
To stew / simmer | หลน | Lon |
To stuff | ยัด | Yat |
To wrap | ห่อ | Ho |
Now that you already know some of the cooking styles, please be sure to check out our previous posts on popular Thai dishes and traditional food so that you can check which types of food makes use of these styles. If you are already in Thailand and would like to order specific dishes, check out this special guide about structuring a sentence when ordering at restaurants.
33 Common Thai Ingredients
If you have been tasting traditional Thai dishes, you probably understand it when we say that there is something unique with how they bring out flavors, whether in the meat, soup, or grilled food. Below are some of the common ingredients used aside from soy sauce (ซีอิ๊ว), oyster sauce (ซอสหอยนางรม), kaffir lime (มะกรูด), green onions (หัวหอมเขียว), and chilies (พริก).
English | Thai | Pronunciation Guide |
Bay leaf | ใบกระวาน | Bai krawan |
Bean sprouts | ถั่วงอก | T̄hạ̀wngxk |
Beans | ถั่ว | Tua |
Beef | เนื้อวัว | Nuea |
Butter | เนย | Noei |
Chicken | เนื้อไก่ | Gai |
Chili pepper | พริกขี้หนู | Phrik khihnu |
Coconut milk | กะทิ | Kathi |
Curry powder | ผงกะหรี่ | P̄hng kah̄rī̀ |
Egg | ไข่ | Khai |
Eggplant | มะเขือ | Makhuea |
Fish | ปลา | Pla |
Fish sauce | น้ำปลา | Nam pla |
Garlic | กระเทียม | Kratheīym |
Ginger | ขิง | King |
Lime | มะนาว | Manāw |
Noodles | เส้นก๋วยเตี๋ยว | Sen Goo ay dtee o |
Onion | หอม | Hoom |
Oregano | ออรีกาโน | Origano |
Palm sugar | น้ำตาลปาล์ม | N̂ảtāl pāl̒m |
Pepper | พริกไทย | Phrikhai |
Pork | เนื้อหมู | Nua Moo |
Rice | ข้าว | Khao |
Rice flour | แป้งข้าวจ้าว | Pæ̂ng k̄ĥāw ĉāw |
Rice noodles | ขนมจีน | Kanom jeen |
Salt | เกลือ | Gleua |
Shrimp | กุ้ง | Kung |
Shrimp paste | กะปิ | Kampi |
Spinach | ปวยเล้ง | Buai leng |
Sugar | น้ำตาล | Nam than |
Thai chili sauce | น้ำพริก | Nam phrik |
Thai curry | เครื่องแกง | Kruang Gang |
Tofu | เต้าหู้ | Tau hu |
Conclusion
Which of these Thai food terms are you interested in coming across when reading Thai recipes? Are there any pan-fried dishes you want to try?
Whatever that may be, we hope that you enjoyed this post and will find the confidence to use these in real-life conversations about cooking. To expand your vocabulary in this language or in 60+ foreign languages, we highly recommend that you check out the Ling App.
Simya Solutions’ Ling App is a FREE beginner-friendly language learning platform guaranteed to support you with its comprehensive resources for mastering Thai. This is ideal to use may you be a student, an enthusiast, or a professional since you will only need 10 minutes a day to practice with this handy tool. Get to know more about this by downloading it today via Google PlayStore and Apple AppStore!