The Complete Guide To 6 Types Of Hindi Pronouns

Hindi pronouns

Are you ready for some Hindi pronouns? The basic knowledge of the use of pronouns such as main (मैं) for “I”, and aap (आप) for “you” is crucial in the Hindi language. In Hindi, the pronouns are called Sarvanaam (सर्वनाम.) It is very important to be able to substitute nouns in sentences in order to make conversations flow well and be more fluent. Pronouns help in providing information about the subject, object and possessive forms in the sentence.

Whether learning Hindi from scratch or reviewing the basics, Hindi pronouns are among the most important things to master. This guide will help you understand the different kinds of pronouns in Hindi when to use them, and some examples so that you can use them effectively.

Understanding Hindi Grammar

Grammar is a very important aspect of any language, and Hindi is no exception. As an intonated language, Hindi is a Subject-Object-Verb (SOV) language. It has gendered nouns, masculine and feminine, case-based postpositions instead of prepositions, and verbs that agree with the subject in gender and number. Pronouns are used according to their function in the sentence, plural form, whether they are used as subject, object, or possessive.

Hindi also has a developed system of tenses and moods. Hindi grammar is the set of rules and patterns that one must learn to construct correct sentences and communicate in Hindi, both in writing and speaking.

pronouns written on pink background

6 Types Of Pronouns In Hindi

Personal Pronouns – Vyaktivaachak Sarvanaam / Purushvaachak Sarvanaam (व्यक्तिवाचक सर्वनाम/ पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम)

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Personal pronouns in Hindi refer to the person being mentioned and show their position in the sentence. Personal pronouns in Hindi are also used in the first, second, and third person, depending on the sentence’s construction.

EnglishHindiTranscriptionPronunciationEnglish SentenceHindi SentencePronunciation
IMainमैंI am fine.मैं ठीक हूँ। (main theek hoon)
WeHumहमWe are fine.हम ठीक हैं। (hum theek hain)
You (informal)TumतुमYou are fine.तुम ठीक हो। (tum theek ho)
You (formal)AapआपYou are fine.आप ठीक हैं। (aap theek hain)
He/ She/ ItVahवहHe/ she is fine.वह ठीक है। (vah theek hai)
TheyVeवेThey are fine.वे ठीक हैं। (ve theek hain)

Demonstrative Pronouns – Sanketvaachak Sarvanaam (संकेतवाचक सर्वनाम)

Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out or indicate specific people, objects, or ideas. They help to establish proximity or distance from the speaker.

EnglishHindiTranscriptionPronunciationEnglish SentenceHindi SentencePronunciation
This (close to the speaker)YahयहThis is empty.यह खाली है। (yah khaali hai)
That (far from the speaker)VahवहThat is empty.वह खाली है। (vah khaali hai)
TheseYeयेThese are empty.ये खाली हैं। (ye khaali hain)
ThoseVeवेThose are empty.वे खाली हैं। (ve khaali hain)

Reflexive Pronouns – Nijvachak Sarvanaam (निजवाचक सर्वनाम)

Reflexive pronouns are used when the antecedent is used again in the sentence. A reflexive pronoun calls attention to the antecedent or shows that the actions being described are being applied to it. Reflexive pronouns are used to refer back to the subject of the sentence or the clause. Below are the Reflexive Pronouns.

EnglishHindiTranscriptionPronunciationEnglish SentenceHindi SentencePronunciation
Myself/ Yourself/ himself/ Herself/ Itself/ Ourselves/ Themselves (Formal)Swayamस्वयंI did it myself.मैंने यह स्वयं किया। (Maine yah swayam kiya)
Myself/ Yourself/ himself/ Herself/ Itself/ Ourselves/ Themselves (informal)Khud खुदYou did it yourself.आपने यह खुद किया। (aapne yah khud kiya)
Myself/ Yourself/ himself/ Herself/ Itself/ Ourselves/ Themselves (conversational)Apne aapअपने आपThey cook their food themselves.वे अपना भोजन अपने आप पकाते हैं। (ve apna bhojan apne aap pakaate hain)

Interrogative Pronouns – Prashnavaachak Sarvanaam (प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम)

Interrogative pronouns are words used to ask questions. They help obtain information about a person, object, place, reason, and method. Following are the Interrogative Pronouns.

EnglishHindiTranscriptionPronunciationEnglish SentenceHindi SentencePronunciation
WhoKaunकौनWho is that?वह कौन है? (vah kaun hai?)
WhatKyaक्याWhat is your name?आपका नाम क्या है? (aapka naam kya hai?)
WhereKahaanकहाँWhere are you going? (informal)तुम कहाँ जा रहे हो? (Tum kahaan ja rahe ho?)
WhenKabकबWhen will you come back? (formal)आप वापस कब आएँगे? (aap vaapas kab aaenge?)
HowKaiseकैसेHow did that happen?वह कैसे हुआ? (vah kaise hua?)

Possessive PronounsAdhikaarvaachak Sarvanaam (अधिकारवाचक सर्वनाम)

Possessive pronouns are the same as possessive adjectives. In this language, possessive pronouns are inflected by grammatical person and gender. Possessive pronouns are used to describe ownership or relationship between two entities. They are as listed in the table below.

EnglishHindiTranscriptionPronunciationEnglish SentenceHindi SentencePronunciation
My (masculine singular)MeraमेराHe is my friend.वह मेरा दोस्त है। (vah mera dost hai)
My (masculine plural)MereमेरेThey are my friends.वे मेरे दोस्त हैं। (ve mere dost hain)
My (feminine singular/ plural)MeriमेरीThis is my book.
(Here, the object – book – is feminine.)
यह मेरी पुस्तक है। (yah meri pustak hai)
Our (masculine singular)HumaraहमाराHe is our friend.वह हमारा दोस्त है। (vah humara dost hai)
My (masculine plural)HumareहमारेThey are our friends.वे हमारे दोस्त हैं। (ve humare dost hain)
My (feminine singular/ plural)HumariहमारीThis is our book.यह हमारी पुस्तक है। (yah humari pustak hai)
Your (informal, masculine singular)TeraतेराHe is your friend.वह तेरा दोस्त है। (vah tera dost hai)
Your (informal, masculine plural)TereतेरेThey are your friends.वे तेरे दोस्त हैं। (ve tere dost hain)
Your (informal, feminine singular/ plural)TeriतेरीThese are your books.
(Here, the object – books – is feminine plural)
ये तेरी किताबें हैं। (ye teri पुस्तकें hain)
Your (formal, masculine singular)AapkaआपकाHe is your friend.वह आपका दोस्त है (vah aapka dost hai)
Your (formal, masculine plural)AapkeआपकेThey are your friends.वे आपके दोस्त हैं। (ve aapke dost hain)
Your (formal, feminine singular/ plural)AapkiआपकीThis is your book.यह आपकी पुस्तक है। (yah aapki pustak hai)
His/Her/Its (masculine singular)UskaउसकाHe is his friend.वह उसका दोस्त है।
His/Her/Its (masculine plural)Uskeउसके They are his friends.वे उसके दोस्त हैं। (ve uske dost hain)
His/Her/Its (feminine singular/ plural)UskiउसकीThese are his books.ये उसकी पुस्तकें हैं। (ye uski pustakein hain)
Their (masculine singular)Unkaउनका He is their friend.वह उनका दोस्त है। (yah unka dost hai)
Their (masculine plural)UnkeउनकेThey are their friends.वे उनके दोस्त हैं।
Their (feminine singular/ plural)UnkiउनकीThese are their books.ये उनकी पुस्तकें हैं। (ye unki pustakein hain)

Indefinite PronounsAnishchayvaachak Sarvanaam (अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम)

They are used to refer to an indefinite quantity, thing, or place. There are cases when indefinite pronouns are employed to refer to certain entities that are unknown or unspecified. Indefinite pronouns are used to distribute a noun among several people or things.

EnglishHindiTranscriptionPronunciationEnglish SentenceHindi SentencePronunciation
Someone or AnyoneKoiकोईIs someone at home?घर में कोई है? (ghar mein koi hai?)
Some or SomethingKuchhकुछDid you eat something? (informal)क्या तुमने कुछ खाया? (kya tumne kuchh khaaya?)
Somebody or AnybodyKisiकिसीDoes anyone have a pen?क्या किसी के पास कलम है? (kya kisi ke paas kalam hai?)

Tips For Mastering Hindi Pronouns

Practice using pronouns in different contexts to improve your understanding of their usage using following tips.

  • Learn by Context: To understand how to use pronouns, it is advisable to see them used in different contexts in a sentence.
  • Practice with Conversations: Talk in Hindi as often as possible so that pronouns will be used in the flow of the conversation. The more you use them, the simpler they are to apply.
  • Use Flashcards: Create small cards with Hindi pronouns on one side and their translations and usages on the other side. This practice can help reinforce memory.
  • Focus on Pronoun Cases: Be careful of the difference between the subject, object, and possessive forms of the pronouns. For example: Me – Mujhe (मुझे) and My – Mera (मेरा).
  • Listen to Native Speakers: Watch Hindi movies, podcasts, or any conversation to see how the pronouns are incorporated into the language.
  • Practice with Written Exercises: To strengthen your understanding of the different pronouns, try writing the following sentences: For instance, substitute the nouns with pronouns in sentences.
  • Use Pronouns in Writing: Use Hindi pronouns in your writing assignments, like essays or journals, to help you get familiar with their correct application.
  • Be Patient and Consistent: Pronunciation is not mastered in a day, so do not get frustrated, and continue to practice using Hindi pronouns daily.
pronouns written on dices

How Do You Say Pronouns In Hindi?

In Hindi, “pronouns” are known as sarvanaam (सर्वनाम) and can be pronounced as sar-va-naam.

Frequently Asked Questions About Hindi Pronouns

1. What Are The Basic And Frequently Used Pronouns In Hindi?

Some of the most used pronouns in Hindi are main (मैं – I), tum (तुम – you informal), and aap (आप – you formal).

2. What Are The Differences Between Hindi Pronouns According To Gender?

The pronouns in Hindi differ according to the gender of the noun to which they refer. For instance, “his” is uska (उसका), and it is used depending on the gender of the person in question. “Her” is used as uski (उसकी), for the feminine.

3. How Do You Differentiate Between Singular And Plural Pronouns In Hindi?

Singular pronouns refer to one person or thing, for example, such as I for main (मैं) or he/she/it for Vah (वह). Plural pronouns refer to more than one, such as we as hum (हम) and they for ve (वे).

Take Your Hindi To The Next Level!

Personal Pronouns, plural pronouns, interrogative pronouns, person pronouns, and relative pronouns are some of the most important components of the Hindi language. Proper usage is a must.

So, if you want to master the Hindi language, then what is better than using a learning app? The Ling app can help you master the Hindi language quickly by giving you easy tips and tricks that will take your Hindi skills to the next level. Give it a try, and enjoy learning more about grammar and Hindi culture.

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