Do you want to know how to master common Hindi verbs? Well, chances are that you’d already know some common Hindi verbs like chalo (let’s go) or karo (do it) if you are a fan of Bollywood films.
These are some of the commonly used verbs words that are used in day-to-day conversation. In this article, we will be able to learn 10 basic verbs in Hindi, the classification of Hindi verbs and some strategies to learn verbs in Hindi. So, are you ready to discover common Hindi verbs and master Hindi grammar?
Table Of Contents
How Do You Say Verbs In Hindi?
The Hindi word for “verb” is kriya (क्रिया), which is pronounced as kree-yaa.
क्रियाList Of Common Hindi Verbs
Let’s take a look at the most common Hindi verbs that are used in daily conversations.
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| To do | करना | Karana | करना |
| To be | होना | Hona | होना |
| To eat | खाना | Khaana | खाना |
| To drink | पीना | Peena | पीना |
| To sleep | सोना | Sona | सोना |
| To walk | चलना | Chalana | चलना |
| To sit | बैठना | Baithana | बैठना |
| To say | कहना | Kahana | कहना |
| To tell | बताना | Bataana | बताना |
| To speak | बोलना | Bolana | बोलना |
| To go | जाना | Jaana | जाना |
| To know | जानना | Jaanana | जानना |
Understanding Hindi Verbs
Verbs are the words that show actions, for instance the word like “eat” which means khao (खाओ) depicts the action of eating, another example is the word “walk” which means chalna (चलना) depicting the action of walking.
In Hindi, verbs are conjugated according to the tenses (kaal – काल): Past tense, present tense and future tense of the action. Additionally, the verb form can vary depending on whether the conversion is formal or informal. Understanding these variations may take some time to learn, but when they become familiar, it will become easy to form a correct and meaningful sentence in Hindi.
Conjugating Hindi Verbs According To The Tenses
Let’s understand verb conjugation with the example of one of the most common Hindi verbs used in daily conversations: “to eat” – khana (खाना).
Past Tense – Bhoot Kaal (भूत काल)
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| I ate | मैंने खाया | Maine khaaya | मैंने खाया |
| You ate (formal) | आपने खाया | Aapne khaaya | आपने खाया |
| You ate (informal) | तुमने खाया | Tumne khaaya | तुमने खाया |
Present Tense – Vartamaan Kaal (वर्तमान काल)
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| I am eating | मैं खा रहा हूँ (m) मैं खा रही हूँ (f) | Main kha raha hoon Main kha rahee hoon |
मैं खा रहा हूँ मैं खा रही हूँ |
| You are eating (formal) | आप खा रहे हैं | Aap kha rahe hain | आप खा रहे हैं |
| You are eating (informal) | तुम खा रहे हो | Tum kha rahe ho | तुम खा रहे हो |
Future Tense – Bhavishya Kaal (भविष्य काल)
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| I will eat | मैं खाऊंगा (m) मैं खाउंगी (f) | Main khaaunga Main khaaungee |
मैं खाऊंगा मैं खाउंगी |
| You will eat (formal) | आप खाएंगे | Aap khaayenge | आप खाएंगे |
| You will eat (informal) | तुम खाओगे | Tum khaoge | तुम खाओगे |
Types Of Hindi Verbs
Basic Hindi verbs can be categorized into different types based on their usage and structure. These types are essential to know if you want to learn Hindi, as they will help to make the correct sentences in conversion.
Auxiliary Verbs – Sahaayak Kriya (सहायक क्रिया)
सहायक क्रियाAuxiliary verbs in Hindi play a key role in forming tenses, moods, and voices. They work alongside main verbs to add layers of meaning. For instance, hai (है) helps form the present tense, as in vah padh raha hai (वह पढ़ रहा है – he is reading) where padh (read) is the main verb and raha hai (to be – present tense) is the auxiliary verb. Similarly, tha (था) indicates the past, like in vah padh raha tha (वह पढ़ रहा था – he was reading). These verbs make sentences more precise and give us clues about when or how something happened.
Transitive Verb – Sakarmak Kriya (सकर्मक क्रिया)
सकर्मक क्रियाThese are the verbs that require the object to complete the meaning. This also specifies an action that affects both the subject (nouns in Hindi) and the object. Example of transitive verbs:
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| The boy bought an apple | लड़के ने एक सेब खरीदा | Ladke ne ek seb khareeda | लड़के ने एक सेब खरीदा |
| He is reading a book | वह किताब पढ़ रहा है | Vah kitaab padh raha hai | वह किताब पढ़ रहा है |
| She is writing a letter | वह पत्र लिख रही है | Vah patr likh rahi hai | वह पत्र लिख रही है |
Intransitive Verb – Akarmak Kriya (अकर्मक क्रिया)
अकर्मक क्रियाIntransitive verbs do not require an object to complete their meaning. As it doesn’t need any object to convey a complete idea. Example of intransitive verbs:
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| He is sleeping | वह सो रहा है | Vah so raha hai | वह सो रहा है |
| The children are laughing | बच्चे हंस रहे हैं | Bachche hans rahe hain | बच्चे हंस रहे हैं |
| The leaf fell from the tree | पत्ता पेड़ से गिर गया | Patta ped se gir gaya | पत्ता पेड़ से गिर गया |
Causative Verbs – Kaaranavaachak Kriya (कारणवाचक क्रिया)
कारणवाचक क्रियाA verb expresses an action that is caused or made to happen by someone else. Causative verbs can also express the way an action is carried out. Example of causative verbs are:
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| He let me go home | उसने मुझे घर जाने दिया | Usane mujhe ghar jaane diya | उसने मुझे घर जाने दिया |
| You are making me do your homework | आप मुझसे अपना गृहकार्य करवा रहे हैं | Aap mujhase apna grihkaarya karva rahe hain | आप मुझसे अपना गृहकार्य करवा रहे हैं |
| He got a mechanic to repair his phone | उसने अपना फोन ठीक कराने के लिए एक मैकेनिक को बुलाया | Usane apna phone theek karaane ke liye ek mechanic ko bulaaya | उसने अपना फोन ठीक कराने के लिए एक मैकेनिक को बुलाया |
Compound Verb – Sanyukt Kriya (संयुक्त क्रिया)
संयुक्त क्रियाIt is a verb that is made up of multiple words and functions into a single verb. These can also be two separate words that describe an action. Examples of compound verbs are:
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Explanation | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| The children fell asleep while playing | बच्चे खेलते-खेलते सो गए | Bachche khelte-khelte so gaye | Bachche = children, while playing = khelte-khelte, fell asleep = so gaye | बच्चे खेलते-खेलते सो गए |
| I finished reading the entire book | मैंने पूरी किताब पढ़ ली | Maine poori kitaab padh li | Maine = I, kitaab = book finished reading = padh li | मैंने पूरी किताब पढ़ ली |
| I completed my work | मैंने अपना काम कर दिया | Maine apna kaam kar diya | Maine = I, apna kaam = my work, kar diya = completed | मैंने अपना काम कर दिया |
Regular Verb – Saamaanya Kriya (सामान्य क्रिया)
सामान्य क्रियाThese verbs change according to the tense, gender, and number, but the root of the verb generally remains unchanged. Some examples are:
| English | Hindi | Transliteration | Pronunciation |
|---|---|---|---|
| He eats food | वह खाना खाता है | Vah khana khaata hai | वह खाना खाता है |
| I drink water | मैं पानी पीता हूँ | Main pani peeta hoon | मैं पानी पीता हूँ |
| We are walking in the park | हम पार्क में चल रहे हैं | Hum park mein chal rahe hain | हम पार्क में चल रहे हैं |
3 Tips For Every Beginner
Mastering Hindi verbs is a gradual process, but these tips and tricks can make the journey smooth for the person who is starting to learn. Learning Hindi verbs may not be so easy but if you learn the strategies will help to make the process more simple and manageable.
- Start with the most common Hindi verbs: Start with the most frequently used Hindi verbs. For instance, “to do” is karna (करना), “to go” is jana (जाना), “to eat” is khana (खाना) and “to drink” is peena (पीना). Mastering these will allow you to form basic sentences quickly and build your confidence. It’ll also assist you in introducing yourself in Hindi.
- Practice conjugations regularly: It is simply important to practice conjunction verbs across the past tense, present tense and future tense. Similarly, practice them in first person, second person and third person. This well help you build conversations beyond saying Hello in Hindi.
- Pay attention to the gender and the number of the subject: Hindi verbs change form based on gender or ling (लिंग) and number or sankhya (संख्या) of the subject.
Frequently Asked Questions About Hindi Verbs
How Many Types Of Verbs Are In Hindi?
The two main types of verb sin Hindi are transitive verbs or sakarmak kriya, and intransitive verbs or akarmak kriya. Intransitive verbs do not need an object in the sentence to convey the meaning, for example vah so raha hai (वह सो रहा है) which means, “He is sleeping.” Here, so raha hai means “sleeping” where sona is the root verb which means “to sleep”.
But transitive verbs require an object for the sentence to be considered complete and meaningful, for example, main patr likhta hoon (मैं पत्र लिखता हूँ), which means, “I am writing a letter.” Here, patr (letter) is the object upon which the action (writing – likhta hoon) is performed by the subject (I – main). In this sentence, likhta hoon means “writing” where likhna is the root verb meaning “to write.”
What Are 10 Examples Of Verbs In Hindi?
These are the 10 examples of verbs in Hindi:
- Hona – To be
- Sona – To sleep
- Rona – To cry
- Chalana – To walk
- Khana – To eat
- Peena – To drink
- Nahaana – To bathe
- Likhna – To write
- Jaana – To go
- Padhana – To read
What Is Verb Called In Hindi?
In Hindi, verbs are called kriya. The meaning of the term kriya is “action.”
Discover Hindi Grammar Using The Ling App
Hindi language is easy to learn, so if you wish to learn the verbs in Hindi, just keep in mind gender, present tense, past tense and future tense and you will be good to go. If you are someone looking to learn more grammar concepts of the Hindi language, then why not try the Ling app?
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